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2022年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题,分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道,附答案解析,供您考前自测提升!
1、A Bad IdeaThink you can walk, drive, take phone calls, e - mail and listen to music at the same time 7 Well, New York\'s new law says you can\'t. _____. The law went into force last month, following research and a shocking number of accidents that involved people using electronic gadgets (小巧机械) when crossing the street.Who\'s to blame? Scientists say that our multitasking (多任务处理) abilities are limited. "We are under the impression that our brain can do more than it often can," says Rene Marois, a neuroscientist (神经科学家) in Tennessee. "But a core limitation is the inability to concentrate on two things at once."The young people are often considered the great multitaskers. However, an Oxford University research suggests this perception is open to question. Agroupof 18 to 21 years old and agroupof 35 to 39 years old were given 90 seconds to translate images into numbers, using a simple code. The youngergroupdid 10 percent better when not interrupted. But when both groups were interrupted by a phone call oran instant message, the oldergroupmatched the youngergroupin speed and accuracy.It is difficult to measure the productivity lost by multitaskers. Jonathan Spira, chief analyst at Basex, a business - research firm, estimates that the cost of interruptions to the American economy is nearly $ 650 billion a year. The estimate is based on surveys with office workers. The surveys conclude that 28 percent of the workers\' time was spent on interruptions and recovery time before they returned to their main tasks.【单选题】
A.Talking on a cell phone while driving brings you joy anyway.
B.The estimate is based on surveys with office workers.
C.The youngergroupdid 10 percent better when not interrupted.
D.However, an Oxford University research suggests this perception is open to question.
E.Scientists say that our multitasking (多任务处理) abilities are limited.
F.and you\'ll be fined $ 100 if you do so on a New York city street.
正确答案:F
答案解析:本题难度不是很大。可用排除法和代入法。本题的上文谈到纽约新的法律规定在走路开车时不能打电话,发邮件,听音乐,下文转到谈新法律发生效力时间,所以可以推断此处会继续跟着上文展开阐述,应该讲如果你做了会导致什么结果,回来看选项,把F代入文中,符合逻辑,答案是F。
2、I\'d very much like to know what your aim in life is.【单选题】
A.thought
B.idea
C.goal
D.plan
正确答案:C
答案解析:我很想知道你的人生目标是什么。本题有一定难度,虽然选项都是常用词汇,但干扰项干扰较大。aim和goal都有“目标”的意思,是近义词,A项指“思想”,B项指“想法”,D项指“计划”,最佳答案是C。
3、It\'s prudent to start any exercise program gradually at first.【单选题】
A.workable
B.sensible
C.possible
D.feasible
正确答案:B
答案解析:题干大意:首先逐步启动训练计划是合理的。prudent:谨慎的,合理的。在四个选项中,sensible和prudent同义。workable和feasible基本同义:可行的。故答案选B。
4、How to Interview PeopleInterviewing (采访) is one of those skills that you can only get better at. You will never again feel so ill at ease when you try it forthe first time, and probably you\'ll never feel entirely comfortable trying to get from another person answers that he orshe may be too shy to reveal. But at least half of the skill is mechanical. The rest is instinct, which can all be learned with experience.The basic tools foran interview are paper and two orthree well-sharpened pencils. But keep your notebook orpaper out of sight until you need it. There\'s nothing less likely to relax a person than the arrival of someone with a note-taking pad. Both of you need time to get to know each other. Take a while just to chat, judging what sort of person you\'re dealing with, getting him orher to trust you.Never go into an interview without doing whatever homework you can. If you are interviewing a town official, know his voting record. If it\'s an actor, know what plays he has been in. ______Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets. This fear is almost 103 percent unnecessary. Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him. Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting, and they grasp any chance to talk to an outsider who seems eager to listen.This doesn\'t necessarily mean that it will go well. In general you will be talking to people who have never been interviewed before, and they will get used to the process awkwardly, perhaps not giving you anything that you can use. Come back another day; it will go better. You will both even begin to enjoy it-proof that you aren\'t forcing your victim to do something he doesn\'t really want to.【单选题】
A.Come back another day; it will go better.
B.But at least half of the skill is mechanical.
C.As one philosopher interviewed in the film notes, they lack irony.
D.You will not be liked if you inquire about facts that you could have learned in advance.
E.This fear is almost 102 percent unnecessary.
F.Both of you need time to get to know each other.
正确答案:D
答案解析:空句前一直在说要提前进行准备,If it\'s an actor, know what plays he has been in,当然如果在采访一个人之前对被采访者没有任何了解肯定不会受欢迎。
5、Lakes, Too, Feel Global WarmingThere\'s no doubt, In the last few decades, the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it has been in hundreds of years. Around the world, people are starting to measure the effects of global warming and trying to figure out what to do about it.Scientist recently used satellites to study the temperatures of lakes around the world and they found that lakes are heating up. Between 1985 and 2009, satellites recorded the night time temperatures of the surfaces of 167 lakes. During those 24 years, the lakes got warmer by an average of about 0.045 degree Celsius per year.In some places, lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year. At that rate, a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius in just 10 years. That difference may seem small you might not even notice it in your bath. But in a lake, slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae (水藻) and algae can make the lake poisonous to fish.The study shows that in some regions, lakes are warming faster than the air around them. This is important because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how Earth is warming. By using lake temperatures as well, scientists can get a better picture of global warming. The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world.That\'s going to be useful, since no matter the country is too big ortoo small can\'t ignore climate changes. Scientists aren\'t the only ones concerned. Everyone who lives on Earth is going to be affected by the rapid warming of the planet. Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it, especially by reducing the amount of greenhouse(温室) gases we put into the air.That\'s why the United Nations started the Framework Convention on Climate Change, orUNFCCC. Every year the convention meets, and representatives from countries around the world gather to talk about climate change and discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world.Scientists have been keeping records of lake temperatures forover 30 years.【单选题】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正确答案:B
答案解析:本题难度不大,答案依据比较明显,在文章第二段第二句:Between 1985 and 2009,satellites recorded the nighttime temperatures of the surfaces of 1671 akes.很明显,是24年,而不是30多年,题干和原文句意不符,答案是B。
6、Keeping Cut Flowers1 While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around his house, few people know how to keep them foras long as possible. This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple fact. 2 An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature. Forexample, studies have shown that cut carnations (康乃馨) retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12℃ than when kept at 26℃. Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most important aspect of flower care. 3 Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long. Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds orinsects, such as bees, forpollination (粉). After that, they quickly dry up and die. The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide, called respiration, generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and color. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all giving things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration. A result of all this respiration is heat, and forflowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high. Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies. 4 How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration. How is respiration controlled? By controlling temperature. We know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse is also true. Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly. 5 Another vital factorin keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to "drink" water that is dirty orotherwise polluted. Even when water looks and smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach (含氯漂白剂) can be used in small quantities. It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach (at 4% solution) be added to each liter of water. The water and solution should also be replaced each day. Paragraph 3____【单选题】
A.Control of Respiration
B.Beauty of Fresh Cut Flowers
C.Role of Respiration
D.Most Important Aspect of Flower Care
E.Need forClean Water
F.Ways of Stopping Respiration
正确答案:C
答案解析:本段几乎都是在介绍呼吸的作用,从语篇中我们可以看到呼吸在花朵形成及死亡的过程中的作用,以及它对种子和能量的形成中的作用,选项C符合题意,故选C。
7、What Do Dreams Tell Us?Why do we dream? Do dreams have meanings? These are questions which have troubled man forthousands of years. The oldest surviving book on the interpretation of dreams is Egyptian and is nearly 4,000 years old. In ancient Greece, it was thought that people who were ill could be cured by telling their dreams. They would relate their dreams to their doctors who would tell them what they meant and then give them medicine to make them well. The ancient Chinese believed that if a pregnant woman dreamed of a bear, she would have a son, and if she dreamed of a snake, she would have a daughter. There are many stories about dreams foretelling (预言) the future.We certainly do not now believe that dreams foretell the future. Most scientists believe that dreams are based on events in our own life and on our feelings. The events are usually very recent, mostly within the last two days. Our emotions, on the other hand our wishes, hopes and fears may go back many years, even to early childhood.In a dream, events are altered. A dream may contain parts of many real-life events. Most importantly, something that cannot be shown directly may be shown indirectly. Forexample, you might dream of driving a large car. This could mean not that you want to have a larger car, but that you desire power, and maybe you want to control other people. Again, you may dream that you are an actorin a play. The play is about to start, but you have completely forgot your lines. This dream may seem strange because you are not interested in acting, and you never want to be in a play. But the dream may mean that you have some other problem that you feel is too difficult foryou to solve.Psychologists believe that dreams may be helpful to us. Indeed, people who have been allowed to sleep in experiments, but not allowed to dream, have become anxious and restless. and when they are later allowed to sleep as much as they like, they dream more than ever to make us forthe lost "dream time".Most scientists believe that dreams have something to do with ______ in daily life.【单选题】
A.power
B.quiet and happy
C.events
D.experiments
E.diseases
F.worried and nervous
正确答案:C
答案解析:根据题干线索词most scientists定位原文至第二段第二句:Most scientists believe that dreams are based on events in our own life and on our feelings. 这里be based on与题干中的have sth. to do with...意思相符。由此推断,画线部分即为所需添加成分。C选项events属于原文复现,故C为正确答案。
8、One Good Reason to Let Smallpox LiveIt\'s now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction (灭绝) of the smallpox (天花) virus. When smallpox was completely got rid of in the world, scientists wanted to destroy the killer virus in the last two labs, one in the US and one in Russia. They asked: If smallpox has truly gone from the planet, _____ point was there in keeping these reserves?In reality, of course, it was naive to imagine that everyone would let go of such a powerful potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials (小药瓶). and the last "official" stocks of live Virus bred mistrust of the US and Russia, forno obvious gain.Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way fortests on new treatments and vaccines(疫苗). So once again there\'s a good reason to the virus, just in keep the disease puts in a reappearance.How do we case with the mistrust of the US and Russia? deal. Keep the virus Simple international support in a well - guarded UN laboratory that\'s open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it with a multilateral (多边的) approach to just about everything. But it doesn\'t mean the idea is rejects. If the virus is useful, then let\'s wrong it the servant of all humanity make not just a part of it.【单选题】
A.which
B.that
C.this
D.what
正确答案:D
答案解析:本题有一定难度,考查what point的用法,干扰项有一定的干扰。what point,固定搭配,指“什么意义”,可引导问句,文章此处是说“科学家说如果天花真的在这个星球上消失了,保留这些储备病毒的还有什么意义?”答案是D。
9、Loud noises can be annoying. 【单选题】
A.hateful
B.painful
C.horrifying
D.disturbing
正确答案:D
答案解析:annoying:恼人的、讨厌的,和disturbing(烦扰的)意思接近;hateful:憎恨的、可恨的;painful:疼痛的、使痛苦的;horrifying:令人感到恐怖的。
10、It seems highly unlikely that she will pass the exam.【单选题】
A.very
B.completely
C.usually
D.mostly
正确答案:A
答案解析:题干大意:她很可能不能通过考试。画线词highly:程度非常高。选项中,very:程度非常高。completely:完全的。如:The report does not say basic math skills must be taught completely in the early years of school. 报告并没有说基本的数学技巧一定要在上学早期就完全教给学生。usually:通常的。如:No, we usually eat bread and potatoes. 不,我们通常吃面包和马铃薯。mostly:主要的。如:But people are mostly living on borrowed time as well as borrowed money. 但大多数人还是依靠着“借来的钱”活在“借来的时间”里。
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