2022年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理阅读判断分析5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、Easy ListeningStudents should be jealous. Not only do babies get to doze their days away, but they\'ve also mastered the fine art of learning in their sleep. By the time babies are one year old, they can recognize a lot of sounds ａｎｄ　even simple words. Marie Cheour at the University of Turku in Finlａｎｄ　suspected that they might progress this fast because they learn language while they sleep as well as when they are awake. To test the theory, Cheour ａｎｄ　their colleagues studied 45 newborn babies in the first days of their lives. They exposed all the infants to an hour of Finnish vowel sounds one that sounds like "oo"; another like "ee" ａｎｄ　the third boundary vowel peculiar to Finnish ａｎｄ　similar languages that sounds like something in between. EEG (脑电图) recording of the infants brains before ａｎｄ　after the session showed that the newborns could not distinguish the sounds. Fifteen of the babies then went back with their mothers, where the rest were split into two sleep-study groups. Oneｇｒｏｕｐwas exposed throughout their night-time sleeping hours to the same three vowels, while the others listened to the other, easier-to-distinguish vowel sounds. When tested in the morning, ａｎｄ　again in the evening, the babies who\'d heard the tricky boundary vowels all night showed brainwave activity indicating that they could now recognize this sound. They could identify the sound even when its pitch was changed, while none of the other babies could pick up the boundary vowel at all. Cheour doesn\'t know how babies accomplish this nighttime learning, but she suspects that the special ability might indicate that unlike adults, babies don\'t "turn off" their cerebral cortex (大脑皮层) while they sleep: The skill probably fades in the course of the first years of life, she adds so forget the idea that you can pick up the tricky French vowels as an adult just by slipping a language tape under your pillow. But while it may not help grown-ups, Cheour is hoping to use the sleeping hours to give remedial help to babies who are genetically at risk of language disorders. The three vowels mentioned in this article are all Finnish sounds. 【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确答案:B

答案解析:注意第3段有这样一个短语：something in between，介于前两个元音之间的音。因此，3个元音均是这个边缘上的音，并不是芬兰语种的音。

2、The SmogFｏｒover a month, Indonesia was in crisis. Forest fires raged out of control as the country suffered its worst drought fｏｒ50 years. Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight ａｎｄ　hot dry air to form a cloud of smog. This pollution quickly spread ａｎｄ　within days it was hanging over neighboring countries including Malaysia, Singapore ａｎｄ　Thailand. When the smoke combined with pollution from factories ａｎｄ　cars, it soon became poisonous. Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog ａｎｄ　pollution levels rose. People wheezed (喘息) ａｎｄ　coughed as they left the house ａｎｄ　their eyes watered immediately. The smog made it impossible to see across streets ａｎｄ　whole cities disappeared as grey soot(烟灰) covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed (用胶管浇) from high-rise city buildings to try ａｎｄ　break up the smog. Finally, heavy rains, which came in November. Put out the fires ａｎｄ　clear the air. But the environmental costs ａｎｄ　health problems will remain. Many people from South-Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes ａｎｄ　factory pollution Breathing problems could well increase ａｎｄ　many non-sufferers may have difficulties fｏｒthe first time. Wildlife has suffered too. In lowlａｎｄ　forests, elephants, deer, ａｎｄ　tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog. But smog is not just an Asian problem. In fact. was world was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixture of smoke ａｎｄ　thick fog. Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick ａｎｄ　poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems ｏｒin accidents. About 4, 000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952. The forest animals haven\'t been affected by the smog. 【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:B

答案解析:题句的意思是“森林里的动物未曾受到烟雾的影响”。文中第4段最后一句提到一些动物由于烟雾逃出了森林。题句意思与原文有出入，故选B。

3、Radiocarbon DatingNowadays scientists can answer many questions about the past through a technique called radiocarbon (放射性碳), ｏｒcarbon - 14 dating. One key to understanding how ａｎｄ　why something happened is to discover when it happened.Radiocarbon dating was developed in the late 1940s by physicist Willard F. Libby at the University of Chicago. An atom of ordinary carbon, called carbon -12, has six protons (质子) ａｎｄ　six neutrons (中子) in its nucleus (原子核). Carbon - 14, ｏｒC - 14, is a radioactive, unstable form of carbon that has two extra neutrons. It returns to a more stable form of carbon through a process called decay (衰减). This process involves the loss of the extra neutrons ａｎｄ　energy from the nucleus.In Libby\'s radiocarbon dating technique, the weak radioactive emissions(放射)from this decay process are counted by instruments such as a radiation detectｏｒａｎｄ　counter. The decay rate is used to determine the proportion of C -14 atoms in the sample being dated.Carbon - 14 is produced in the Earth\'s atmosphere when nitrogen(氮) - 14, ｏｒN - 14, interacts with cosmic rays (宇宙射线). Scientists believe since the Earth was formed, the amount of nitrogen in the atmosphere has remained constant. Consequently, C -14 formation is thought to occur at a constant rate. Now the ratio of C -14 to other carbon atoms in the atmosphere is known. Most scientists agree that this ratio is useful fｏｒdating items back to at least 50,000 years.All life on Earth is made of organic molecules (分子) that contain carbon atoms coming from the atmosphere. So all living things have about the same ratio of C -14 atoms to other carbon atoms in their tissues (组织). Once an organism (有机体) dies it stops taking in carbon in any form, ａｎｄ　the C -14 already present begins to decay. Over time the amount of C - 14 in the material decreases ａｎｄ　the ratio of C - 14 to other carbon atoms goes down. In terms of radiocarbon dating, the fewer C -14 atoms in a sample, the older that sample is.Radar is used to determine the characteristics of radiocarbon.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题有较大难度，答案依据不明显，需要通读全文作出判断。通读全文后可以发现文章并未提及使用雷达来进行放射性碳测定，所以本题是未提及的，答案是C。

4、Black HolesMost scientists agree that black holes exist but are nearly impossible to locate. A black hole in the universe is not a solid object, like a planet, but it is shaped like a sphere (球体). Astronomers (天文学家) think that at the center of a black hole there is a single point in space with infinite (无限的) density (稠密).This single point is called a singularity (奇点). If the singularity theory is correct, it means that when a massive star collapses, all the material in it disappears into the singularity. The center of a black hole would not really be a hole at all, but an infinitely dense point. Anything that crosses the black hole is pulled in by its great gravity.Although black holes do exist, they are difficult to observe. These are the reasons,?No light ｏｒanything else comes out of black holes. As a result, they are invisible to a telescope.?In astronomical terms, black holes are truly. Fｏｒexample, a black hole formed by the collapse of a giant star would have an event horizon (视界) only 18 miles across.?The nearest black holes would be dozens of light years away from Earth. One light year is about 6 trillion (万亿) miles. Even the most powerful telescopes could not pick out an object so small at such a great distance.In 1994 the Hubble Space Telescope provided evidence that black holes exist. There are still answers to be found, however, so black holes remain one of the mysteries of the universe. (2007年)The nearest black holes are hundreds of light years away from us.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:B

答案解析:题干大意：离我们最近的黑洞也有几百光年。用中心词nearest定位，原文倒数第二段提到：The nearest black holes would be dozens of light years away from Earth. 离地球最近的黑洞有几十光年(dozens)，而不是“hundreds”。故答案选B。

5、The Threat to KiribatiThe people of Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant future, their country will disappear from the face of the earth-literally. Several times this year, the Pacific islａｎｄ　nation has been flooded by a sudden high tide. These tides, which swept across the islａｎｄ　ａｎｄ　destroyed houses, came when there was neither wind nｏｒrain. "This never happened before," say the older citizens of Kiribati.What is causing these mysterious high tides? The answer may well be global warming. When fuels like oil ａｎｄ　coal are being burned, pollutants (污染物) are released. These pollutants trap heat in the earth\'s atmosphere. Warmer temperatures cause water to expａｎｄ　ａｎｄ　also create more water by melting glaciers (冰川) ａｎｄ　polar (极地的) ice caps.If the trend continues, scientists say, many countries will suffer, Bangladesh, fｏｒexample, might lose one-fifth of its land. The coral (珊瑚) islａｎｄ　nations of the Pacific, like Kiribati ａｎｄ　the Marshall Islands, however, would face an even worse fate-they would be swallowed by the sea. The loss of these coral islands would be everyone\'s loss. Coral formations are home to more species than any other place on earth.The people of these nations feel frustrated. The sea, on which their economies have always been based, is suddenly threatening their existence. They don\'t have the money fｏｒexpensive technological solutions like seawalls. ａｎｄ　they have no control over the pollutants, which are being released mainly by activities in large industrialized countries. All they can do is to hope that industrialized countries will take steps to reduce pollution.The coral islａｎｄ　nations of the Pacific have a long history of civilization.【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:C

答案解析:题干大意：太平洋的珊瑚岛国有很长的文明历史。文章第三段提到：The coral (珊瑚) islａｎｄ　nations of the Pacific. 文中提到了太平洋的珊瑚岛国，但是并没有提到它们有很长的文明历史。故答案选C。