1. A pharmaceutical company wants to test the effectiveness of a new drug in treating a specific disease. The hypothesis is that the drug is effective in reducing symptoms compared to a placebo. The company conducts a randomized controlled trial, with one group receiving the drug and another group receiving a placebo. They compare the results and use statistical tests to determine if the drug is significantly more effective than the placebo.

2. A marketing team wants to test the effectiveness of a new advertising campaign. The hypothesis is that the campaign will increase sales of a particular product. The team conducts a study where they track sales before and after the campaign, and compare the results. They use statistical tests to determine if there is a significant increase in sales after the campaign.

3. A researcher wants to test the effect of a new teaching method on student performance. The hypothesis is that the new method will lead to higher test scores compared to the traditional method. The researcher conducts an experiment where one group of students receives the new method and another group receives the traditional method. They compare the test scores and use statistical tests to determine if the new method is significantly more effective.

4. A company wants to test the effect of a new packaging design on consumer behavior. The hypothesis is that the new design will increase sales of the product. The company conducts a study where they track sales before and after the new design is introduced, and compare the results. They use statistical tests to determine if there is a significant increase in sales after the new design is introduced.