Probability Stated as Odds：Odds against E = [1 − PE]PE,if:successful;calculate the bet’s anticipated profit as follows:Win,Lossprobability of 0.167 for beating sales is odds of 1 to 5.

Trading Blocs, Common Markets, and Economic Unions：all barriers to the flow of goods and services among members have been eliminated. However:Beneluxreplacement of higher-cost domestic production by lower-cost imports from othermembers.

Continuous Random Variables：equal to any fixed point under a continuous uniform distribution is zero.

Frequency Distributions：frequency,2.35:[Practicecorrect–1.0 to +2.0intervalC.+5.0 to +8.0

Probability：Probability:Random:variable:Objective,Subjective:probability draws on personal or subjective judgment.;Given a probability PE:Loss

Discrete Random Variables：Cannot count the outcomes of a continuous random variable. eg. rate;density function pdf.,specified outcomes:ThepC.[Practice

Continuous Random Variables：B.;C.,Approximately 99% fall in μ ± 2.58σ.[PracticeB.C.mean

Other Variables Used as Economic Indicators：The“principal,capitaland so on.

Frequency Distributions：frequency,interval.,[Practicecorrectinterval+5.0 to +8.0x-axis and the absolute frequency for that interval on the y-axis

What are the responsibilities of the members in reference to the CFA Institute?：Once accepted as a member:每年交述职报告和年费but must not over promise the competency and future investment results.Case

What members and candidates should notice in CFA examinations?：or security of the CFA examinations.（不能恶心CFA），考试不能作弊:考试内容要保密:A. No.:Responsibilities as a CFA Institute Member.right④Case