The Lognormal Distribution：lnY:[PracticeBcannot have negative values.

The Binomial Distribution：p,of success is constant for:[Practice:[Practicethree.

Probability Stated as Odds：Odds against E = [1 − PE]PE,if:successful;calculate the bet’s anticipated profit as follows:Win,Lossprobability of 0.167 for beating sales is odds of 1 to 5.

Total, Variable, Fixed, and Marginal Cost and Output：Variable,Fixed,Output:is the summation of all expenses that do not change as the level of production:varies.Total[Practice

Trading Blocs, Common Markets, and Economic Unions：all barriers to the flow of goods and services among members have been eliminated. However:Beneluxreplacement of higher-cost domestic production by lower-cost imports from othermembers.

Frequency Distributions：frequency,2.35:[Practicecorrect–1.0 to +2.0intervalC.+5.0 to +8.0

Applications of the Normal Distribution：horizon.,safety-first ratioSFRatio=[ERP–RL]σP?[Practice:ABCAllocation C = 8.5 – 4.5 14.34 = 0.279

Probability：Probability:Random:variable:Objective,Subjective:probability draws on personal or subjective judgment.;Given a probability PE:Loss

Shifts in the AD and AS curves and Equilibriums：A decrease in AD lowers real GDP:contractions are associated with rising inflation and interest rates.

Frequency Distributions：frequency,interval.,[Practicecorrectinterval+5.0 to +8.0x-axis and the absolute frequency for that interval on the y-axis

What members and candidates should notice in CFA examinations?：or security of the CFA examinations.（不能恶心CFA），考试不能作弊:考试内容要保密:A. No.:Responsibilities as a CFA Institute Member.right④Case

Why members and candidates must develop and maintain appropriate records?：actions,Cannot usehistoricalrecommendations or research reports created at the previous firm because the supporting documentation is unavailable. （不能使用以前的推荐或者研究报告,因为没有支持数据）For future use,CFA