Economies of Scale and Diseconomies of Scale：as the firm increases its output:size under perfect competition over the long run.

Management Commentary or Management’s Discussion and Analysis：1 the nature of the business;2 management’s objectives and strategies:information.Off-balance-sheet obligations and about contractualreported financial results.

Benefits and Costs of International Trade：Benefits and Costs of International Trade:households and firms have greater product variety;of jobs in developed countries as a result of import competition.

The Construction of Price Indexes：be used to average the different prices.:index.the basket.

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Using the Different Tools of Fiscal Policy：Different Tools of Fiscal Policy:DirectCapitalpowerful as the direct effects.

Factors Influencing the Mix of Fiscal and Monetary Policy：Monetary Policy;by the political context.:Both fiscal and monetary policies suffer from;lack of precise knowledge of where:studyNoaccommodation.

Portfolio Expected Return and Variance of Return：= 8112 = 9. Thus:RjB.C.FirstEXY = EXEY

Theories of the Business Cycle - Neoclassical and Austrian Schools：hand,every good at which supply equals demand.:schoolto do in the recession phase is to allow the necessary market adjustment to take place as quickly as possible.

What are the responsibilities of the members in reference to the CFA Institute?：Once accepted as a member:每年交述职报告和年费but must not over promise the competency and future investment results.Case

What members and candidates should notice in CFA examinations?：or security of the CFA examinations.（不能恶心CFA），考试不能作弊:考试内容要保密:A. No.:Responsibilities as a CFA Institute Member.right④Case

Why members and candidates must make disclosure of all matters ?：and their employer. （所有可能和客户、潜在客户、雇主产生利益冲突的事项都要进行披露）Must ensure that such disclosures are prominent,必须披露）The best practice is to assign another to follow up the company.;

What's the meaning of independence and objectivity in professionalism?：or consideration that reasonably could be expected to compromise their own or another’s independence and objectivity.（那些被合理认为将会影响独立客观的威逼利诱都要不为所动）,但在他人眼中会影响独立性也不行）可能的话事先披露给雇主告诉雇主是为了引起雇主的同意