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Issue题目分享DAY56

24. "People in positions of power are most effective when they exercise caution and restraint in the use of that power."

当掌握权力的人们试图小心而节制的使用权力时，他们是最有效率的。

1. People without caution and restraint tend to abuse the power granted to them.

2. Caution and restraint help people have better understanding and make better use of the power.

3. Leaders should not be tied up by too much caution and restraint.

过犹不及

43. "To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards."

一个公仆如果想成为一位杰出的领导者就必须保持最高的伦理和道德标准。

1. In the business realm, successful leadership is generally defined as that which achieves the goal of profit maximization for a firm’s shareholders or other owners.

2. In the political realm the issue is no less complex. Definition of successful political leadership and of ethical or moral leadership are tied up in the means a leader uses to wield his or her power and to obtain that power in the first place.

3. Personal morality is unrelated to effective political leadership. However, public morality and successful leadership are more closely connected.

政治家题目

44. "Government should not fund any scientific research whose consequences, either medical or ethical, are unclear."

政府不应该资助任何后果不明的科学研究，无论是医学方面还是伦理方面的。

Disagree

1. Financial support is to the uncertain scientific research what steam is to locomotive.

2. The consequences of uncertain researches may turn out to be as substantial as those with clear perspectives.

3. Admittedly, there are some dangers or wastes when the result of a scientific research is unclear.

政府和科研

45. "Government officials should rely on their own judgment rather than unquestioningly carrying out the will of the people whom they serve."

政府官员应该依靠自己的判断而不是不管三七二十一的遵从人民的意愿。

Disagree

1. Admittedly, it is hard to get a good rapport of all the people.

2. However, in a democratic society, government is elected by the people, and therefore should take the responsibility to serve for the people and realize their will.

3. Without the support of the people, government is bound to perish.

少数和多数，政府

56. "Governments should focus more on solving the immediate problems of today rather than trying to solve the anticipated problems of the future."

政府应该把更多的注意力放在解决当务之急，而不是试图解决将来预期的问题上。

Whether solving the immediate problems of today is more important than solving the anticipated problems of the future depends on the nature of the problems to be solved.

1. To win the favor of the general public, governments throughout the world tend to focus on solving the immediate problems of today.

2. However, a government’s failing to prepare for future challenges will cause disasters to its country in the long run.

3. Furthermore, a government should always take into consideration the possible future effects of the actions it takes today.

时间之当务之急和百年大计

79. "Major policy decisions should always be left to politicians and other government experts, who are more informed and thus have better judgment and perspective than do members of the general public."

主要的决策权应该全部交给政治家和其他的政府专家，他们更加见多识广并且比一般的老百姓具有更好的判断能力和洞察力。

The title statement goes against the basic tenets of modern democracy.

1. In some cases, politicians and other government experts might be more informed and have better judgment and perspective than do members of the general public.

2. However, there is no guarantee that the politicians and experts would always put the interest of the public before their own selfish interests.

3. Furthermore, empirical evidence also indicates that politicians and government experts do make grave mistakes that harm the interests of the public.

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