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托福写作防止语法构造错误扣分实例剖析

选择适宜的语法构造能够使句子意义的表达更为准确和精练。固然语法的多样性也很重要，但选择最恰当的语法构造依然是更为重要的思索要素。以下准绳是在思索选择何种语法构造时能够参考的准绳：

1. 一个句子的主语和谓语动词应该可以反映句子中的最重要的意义。例如：

The situation that resulted in my grandfather\'s not being able to study engineering was that his father needed help on the farm.

从意义上来剖析，上面这句话需求表达的重要的概念是“grandfather\'s not being able to study”，而在表达这个概念时，原句用的主语是situation，谓语动词是was，不能强调需求表达的重点概念，能够改为下面这句话：My grandfather couldn\'t study engineering because his father needed help on the farm.

2. 防止频繁运用“there be”构造，例如下面的句子：

There were 25 cows on the farm that my grandfather had to milk every day. It was hard work for my grandfather.

能够改为：My grandfather worked hard. He had to milk 25 cows on the farm every day.

更简约的句式为：My grandfather worked hard milking 25 cows daily.

3. 把从句改为短语或单词。例如：

Dairy cows were raised on the farm，which was located100 kilometers from the nearest university and was in an area that was remote.

简介的表达方式为：The dairy farm was located in a remote area， 100 kilometers tothe nearest university.

4. 仅在需求强调宾语而不是主语的时分，才运用被动语态。例如：

In the fall， not only did the cows have to be milked， but also the hay was mowed and stacked by my grandfather\'s family.

本句不够简约的缘由是本句的重心应该是“繁忙的家庭-my grandfather\'s family”，而运用了被动语态后，似乎重心变成了cows和hay。下面的表达方式是主动语态，相对来说更简约一些：In the fall， my grandfather\'s family not only milked the cow but also mowed and stacked the hay.

5. 用更为准确的一个动词来替代动词短语，例如下面这句话：

My grandfather didn\'t have time to stand around doing nothing with his school friends.

Stand around doing nothing其实能够用一个动词来表达，即loiter：My grandfather didn\'t have time to loiter with his school friends.

6. 有时两句话的信息经过组合完整能够用一句话来精练地表达，例如：

Profits from the farm were not large. Sometimes they were too small to meet the expenses of running a farm. They were not sufficient to pay for a university degree.

两句话的信息能够兼并为下面这句更为简约的句子：Profits from the farm were sometimes too small to meet operational expenses， let alone pay for a university degree.

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