2020年职称英语考试《理工类》考试共65题，分为单选题和多选题和判断题和计算题和简答题和不定项。小编为您整理精选模拟习题10道，附答案解析，供您考前自测提升！

1、A Bad Idea
Think you can walk, drive, take phone calls, e - mail and listen to music at the same time 7 Well, New York's new law says you can't. And you'll be fined $ 100 if you do so on a New York city street. The law went into force last month, following research and a shocking number of accidents that involved people using electronic gadgets (小巧机械) when crossing the street.
Who's to blame? _____. "We are under the impression that our brain can do more than it often can," says Rene Marois, a neuroscientist (神经科学家) in Tennessee. "But a core limitation is the inability to concentrate on two things at once."
The young people are often considered the great multitaskers. However, an Oxford University research suggests this perception is open to question. A group of 18 to 21 years old and a group of 35 to 39 years old were given 90 seconds to translate images into numbers, using a simple code. The younger group did 10 percent better when not interrupted. But when both groups were interrupted by a phone call or an instant message, the older group matched the younger group in speed and accuracy.
It is difficult to measure the productivity lost by multitaskers. Jonathan Spira, chief analyst at Basex, a business - research firm, estimates that the cost of interruptions to the American economy is nearly $ 650 billion a year. The estimate is based on surveys with office workers. The surveys conclude that 28 percent of the workers' time was spent on interruptions and recovery time before they returned to their main tasks.
【单选题】

A.Talking on a cell phone while driving brings you joy anyway.

B.The estimate is based on surveys with office workers.

C.The younger group did 10 percent better when not interrupted.

D.However, an Oxford University research suggests this perception is open to question.

E.Scientists say that our multitasking (多任务处理) abilities are limited.

F.And you'll be fined $ 100 if you do so on a New York city street.

正确答案:E

答案解析:本题难度很大。可用排除法和代入法。本题的下文谈到了神经学家说的话，即我们的大脑比它平时能做的要做得多，但把精力集中在两件事情上的能力是有限的，是一段具体论述，那么可以推断本题此处应该是一个概括性的句子，以引导本题的下文，回来看选项，把E代入文中，符合逻辑，答案是E。

2、Seeing Red Means Danger Ahead
The color red often means danger and by paying attention, accidents can be prevented. In the future, the color red also may help prevent danger at construction sites. Thanks to new work by engineers, bridge supports or other kinds of materials, could one day contain a color - changing material. It will turn red before a structure collapses or falls apart.
The secret behind the color - changing material is a particular type of molecule (分子). A molecule is a group of atoms (原子) held together by chemical bonds. Molecules come in all shapes and sizes and make up everything you can see, touch or feel. How a molecule behaves depends on _____ kinds of atoms it contains and how they're held together.
When a polymer (聚合物) containing a color - changing molecule called a mechanophore (机械响应性聚合物) is about to break, it produces a color. When a polymer with mechanophore molecules becomes "injured" or weak, one of the mechanophore bonds breaks and the material turns red. "It's a really simple detection method," says Nancy Sottos, one of the scientists who worked on the project. Sottos and her team tested the color - changing polymers in their lab. The test results proved encouraging.
There is a way to get rid of the red color light. When a bright light is shone on the mechanophore, the broken bond is fixed and the red color disappears. Thus "self - healing" may be a problem for engineers. They need to use the color - changer in big construction projects that will be outside, under sunlight. And sunlight will make the mechanophore's warning system useless.
Sottos and her fellow scientists still have a lot of work to do before the color - changing molecules can be used outside the lab.
【单选题】

A.why

B.how

C.what

D.where

正确答案:C

答案解析:本题难度不大，考查宾语从句引导词what的用法，本题可以先看选项，得到信息提示，很明显，答案是C。

3、The Book of Life
So far, scientists have named about 1.6 million living species, and that's a just a fraction of that probably exists on Earth. With so many plants, animals and other creatures coveting the planet, it can be tough to figure out what type of spider is moving up your leg or what kind of bird is flying by.
A soon - to - be - started Web site might help. An international team of researchers has announced the creation of Web - based Encyclopedia of life( EOL). The project aims to catalog every species on Earth in a single, easy - to - use reference guide.
To get the encyclopedia started, the creators will use information from scientific databases that already exist. And eventually, in special sections of the site, nonscientist with specialized knowledge will get to join in. Bird - watchers, for example, will be able to input which bird they've seen and where. The technology for this kind of tool has only become available.
As the EOL develops, you might find it useful for school projects. The site will feature special pages for kids who are studying ecosystems (生态系统) in their neighborhoods. To make sure the encyclopedia is accurate, scientists will review much of the information added to it. People who visit the site will be able to choose to leave out pages that haven't been reviewed.
Another convenient feature of the EOL is that you'll be able to pick the level of detail you want to see to match your interest, age and knowledge. If you wanted to learn about bears for a science class report, for example, you could use the "novice" setting to get basic information about the animals. On the "expert" setting, on the other hand, you could get much more detailed information about the history, literature and exploration of bears.
It now takes years for scientist to collect all the data they need to describe and analyze species. The creator of the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new tool will speed up that process.
The goal of the creation of the EOL is to ______.
【单选题】

A.collect enough data to analyze the living species on Earth

B.work out an easy -to - use catalog of every living species on Earth

C.enlarge an existing Web site of the living species on Earth

D.add new information to the existing databases of the living species on Earth

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定难度，需要读懂句意。带着题干信息词回文章定位，答案依据主要在文章第二段后面两句：An international team of researchers has announced the creation of Web - based Encyclopedia of life( EOL). The project aims to catalog every species on Earth in a single，easy - to - use reference guide.谈到了物种百科网站创建的目的，回来看选项，B项和原文句意相近，是答案。

4、Inventor of LED
When Nick Holonyak set out to create a new kind of visible lighting using semiconductor alloys, his colleagues thought he was unrealistic. Today, his discovery of light-emitting diodes, or LEDs, are used in everything from DVDs to alarm clocks to airports. Dozens of his students have continued his work, developing lighting used in traffic lights and other everyday technology.
On April 23,2004, Holonyak received the $500,000 Lemelson-MIT Prize at a ceremony in Washington. This marks the lOth year that the Lemelson-MIT Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has given the award to prominent inventors. "Anytime you get an award big or little. It's always a surprise. " Holonyrak said. Holonyak, 75, was a student of john Bardeen, an inventor of the transistor, in the early 1950s. After graduate school, Holonyak worked at Ben Labs. He later went to General Electric, where he invented a switch now widely used in house dimmer switches.
Later, Holonyak started looking into how semiconductors could be used to generate light. But while his colleagues were looking at how to generate invisible light, he wanted to generate visible light. The LEDS he invented in 1962 now last about 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs, and are more environmentally friendly and effective.
Holonyak, now a professor of electrical and computer engineering and physics at the University of Illinois, said he suspected that LEDs would become as commonplace as they are today, but didn't realize how many uses they would have.
"You don't know in the beginning. You think you're doing something important. You think it's worth doing, but you really can't tell what the big payoff is going to be, and when, and how. You just don't know, "he said.
The Lemelson. MIT Program also recognized Edith Flanigen, 75, with the $100,000 Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award for her work on a new generation of "molecular sieves", that can separate molecules by size.
The Lemelson-MIT Prize has a history of over 100 years.
【单选题】

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正确答案:B

答案解析:根据主题句内容判断Lemelson-MIT奖成立的时间是1994年，因此问题句中说的“Lemelson-MIT奖有100多年的历史”与原文内容矛盾。

5、What Is the Coolest Gas in the Universe?
What is the coldest air temperature ever recorded on the Earth? Where was this low temperature recorded? The coldest recorded temperature on Earth was - 91℃, which occurred in Antarctica (南极洲) in 1983.
We encounter an interesting situation when we discuss temperatures in space.
Temperatures in Earth orbit actually range from about +120℃ to - 120℃. The temperature depends upon whether you are in direct sunlight or shade. Obviously, -120℃ is colder than our body can safely endure. Thank NASA science for well, de signed space suits that protect astronauts from these temperature extremes.
The space temperatures just discussed affect only our areal of the solar system. Obviously, it is hotter closer to the Sun and colder as we travel away from the Sun. Astronomers estimate temperatures at Pluto are about - 210℃. How cold is the lowest estimated temperature in the entire universe? Again, it depends upon your location. We are taught it is supposedly impossible to have a temperature below absolute zero, which is - 273℃, at which atoms do not move. Two scientists, whose names are Cornell and Wieman, have successfully _____ down a gas to a temperature barely above absolute zero. They won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 2001 for their work, not a discovery, in this case.
Why is the two scientists' work so important to science?
In the 1920s, Satyendra Nath Bose was studying an interesting theory about special light particles we now call photons (光子). Bose had trouble convincing other scientists to believe his theory, so he contacted Albert Einstein. Einstein's calculations helped him theorize that atoms would behave as Bose thought—but only at very cold temperatures.
Scientists have also discovered that ultra - cold(超冷) atoms can help them make the world's atomic clocks even more accurate. These clocks are so accurate today they would only lose one second every six million years! Such accuracy will help us travel in space because distance is velocity times time 4 ( d = v×t). With the long distances involved in space travel, we need to know time as accurately as possible to get accurate distance.
【单选题】

A.burnt

B.blown

C.cut

D.cooled

正确答案:D

答案解析:本题有一定难度，考查词义辨析，但干扰项干扰不大。可以先看选项得到信息提示。根据上下文逻辑，文章此处是说“……成功将一种气体制冷，使其温度达到……”，答案是D。

6、Seeing Red Means Danger Ahead
The color red often means danger and by paying attention, accidents can be prevented. In the future, the color red also may help prevent danger at construction sites. Thanks to new work by engineers, bridge supports or other kinds of materials, could one day contain a color - changing material. It will turn red before a structure collapses or falls apart.
The secret behind the color - changing material is a particular type of molecule (分子). A molecule is a group of atoms (原子) held together by chemical bonds. Molecules come in all shapes and sizes and make up everything you can see, touch or feel. How a molecule behaves depends on what kinds of atoms it contains and how they're held together.
When a polymer (聚合物) containing a color - changing molecule called a mechanophore (机械响应性聚合物) is about to break, it produces a color. When a polymer with mechanophore molecules becomes "injured" or weak, one of the mechanophore bonds breaks and the material turns red. "It's a really simple detection method," says Nancy Sottos, one of the scientists who worked on the project. Sottos and her team tested the color - changing polymers in their lab. The test results proved encouraging.
There is a way to get rid of the red color light. When a bright light is shone on the mechanophore, the broken bond is fixed and the red color disappears. Thus "self - healing" may be a problem for engineers. They need to use the color - changer in big construction projects that will be outside, under sunlight. And sunlight will make the mechanophore's warning system _____.
Sottos and her fellow scientists still have a lot of work to do before the color - changing molecules can be used outside the lab.

【单选题】

A.dangerous

B.useless

C.helpful

D.important

正确答案:B

答案解析:本题有一定难度，干扰项干扰较大，关键在理解好文章上下文意义，文章此处是说“阳光会让这种机械响应性聚合物的报警系统失效”，答案是B。

7、Stress Lessen Course
Doreen Sykora is now a junior at McGill University. She had a difficult time when she first began college. She said, "I was always well prepared for my examinations. But I would go in to class to take the exam, and I would fall apart. I could not answer the questions correctly-even though I knew the answers! I would just blank out because of nervousness and fear". Histoshi Sakamoto, an anthropology student at Temple University in Tokyo reports similar experiences.
These two young students were experiencing something called test anxiety. Because when a student worries and is stressed about a test, his or her mind does not work as well as it usually does. The student cannot write or think clearly because of the severe tension and nervousness.
Now there are special university courses to help students. In these courses, advisors and psychologists try to help students by teaching them to manage test anxiety. Such a course helps students learn to live with stress and not fail because of it. First students take a practice test to measure their worry level. If the tests show that their stress level is high, the students can take a short course to manage the fear. These courses teach students how to relax their bodies. They get training to become calm in very tense situations. By controlling their nervousness, they can let their minds work more easily. Learned information then comes out without difficulty on a test.
Doreen Sykora saw immediate results after taking such a course. She now has enthusiasm about the relaxation methods. "Mostly, what I do is imagine myself in a very calm place. Then I imagine myself picking up a pencil. I move slowly and carefully. I breathe easily and let all the tension out. With each breath, more worry leaves me. It really works too. My grades have improved greatly! I'm really doing well at McGill now. This relaxation method works not only on examinations, but it has improved the rest of my life as well".
For Histoshi in Tokyo, the results were much the same. He is enjoying school a lot more and learning more.
What's the purpose of some special university student-help courses?
【单选题】

A.To help students to reduce test anxiety.

B.To show a stress level experienced by students.

C.To learn more knowledge about test anxiety.

D.To have a better understanding of test anxiety.

正确答案:A

答案解析:第3段第1句讲了现在有特殊的大学课程来帮助学生，进而详细讲了怎样帮助的。因此A是对的。

8、Airbus
Despite bulging order books, the mood at Airbus and Boeing is far from celebratory. Both aviation giants are moaning loudly that their production systems and supply chains are flawed, albeit for ostensibly different reasons. This week Louis Gallois, the boss of EADS, the Franco-German aerospace consortium that owns Airbus, added substance to warnings a week earlier by the planemaker’s chief executive, Tom Enders, that the dollar's decline was "life-threatening" for the firm. Mr. Gallois said it was no longer just a possibility that Airbus would have to move a large part of its production to "the dollar zone" or low-cost countries, but a certainty.
Airbus is already in the middle of Power 8, a big restructuring plan that involves the loss of 10,000 jobs and the sale of several plants, which is meant to offset the losses caused by the delays in delivering the A380 superjumbo. But Power 8 assumed that a euro was worth $ 1.35, not today's $ 1.47. Mr. Gallois estimates that each 10-cent rise in the euro costs Airbus 1 billion. At present, Airbus makes 76% of its purchases within Europe, but generates over 60% of its sales elsewhere. It must now shift some production abroad.
Airbus is now likely to forge ahead much further. Mr. Gallois suggests that when the A350 enters service in 2013, 70% of it will have been "purchased" in dollars, against 50% for the A380 and an average 24% of Airbus production today. Because Airbus insists that some of its European suppliers price in dollars that means about 50% of the A350's production will be outsourced. New aircraft, such as the A320's successor, may be made almost entirely outside the euro-zone.
Airbus maintains that exchange rates are not the only reason for outsourcing: it is keen to tap into composite-manufacturing expertise wherever it exists. It also insists that it will not repeat the mistakes Boeing has made with its new 787 Dreamliner, about 80% of which has been outsourced. A few weeks ago Mike Bair, the executive responsible for the 787 programme, who was recently moved sideways after mounting production delays, launched a withering attack on some of the companies recruited to build the plane. He said that in future Boeing would not entrust design work to partners who "proved incapable of doing it", and would make suppliers build factories close to Boeing's main assembly operation, rather than flying semi-finished sections of the aircraft round the world on huge Dreamlifter transporters.
It is too early to conclude that the two rivals are heading in opposite directions- Boeing renouncing the global supply chain just as Airbus adopts it. Each company has its own axe to grind. Airbus needs greater flexibility, and the weak dollar provides helpful cover as it takes on its grumbling unions. Boeing, for its part, wants to shift the blame for delays to the 787 on to its partners. The logic of global outsourcing in the aerospace industry remains powerful. Whatever they may be saying now. Airbus and Boeing are more likely to converge than to diverge.
The word "converge" (line 7, paragraph 5) most probably means ______.
【单选题】

A.unite

B.combine

C.meet

D.cooperate

正确答案:C

答案解析:猜词题。本段指出，虽然两个公司的说法不同，但对于海外采购的态度还是肯定的，因此它们今后更可能是向同一个方向会合而不是各自走上不同的道路。由此可见该词表示的是“会合”，故正确答案为C。

9、Science Fiction
1 Amongst the most popular books being written today are those that are usually classified as
science fiction. Hundreds of titles are published every year and are read by all kinds of people.
Furthermore, some of the most successful films of recent years have been based on science fiction stories.
2 It is often thought that science fiction is a fairly new development in literature, but its ancestors can be found in books written hundreds of years ago. These books were often concerned with the presentation of some forms of ideal society, a theme that is still often found in modern stories.
3 Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verve and H. G Wells, to mention just two well known authors, have been translated into many languages.
4 Modern science fiction writers don't write about men from Mars or space adventure stories. They are more interested in predicting the results of technical developments on society and the human mind; or in imagining future worlds that are a reflection of the world that we live in now. Because of this their writing has obvious political undertones (涵义).
5 In an age where science fact frequently overtakes (超过) science fiction, the writers may find it difficult to keep ahead of scientific advances. Those who are sufficiently clear-sighted to see the way we are going, however, may provide a valuable lesson on how to deal with the problems which society will inevitably face as it tries to master its new technology.
People enjoy ____.
【单选题】

A.concerned with the problems that we will have to solve in the future

B.reading books of science fiction

C.political implication

D.a recurrent theme

E.read worldwide

F.translated into many languages

正确答案:B

答案解析:enjoy可以跟名词及名词短语，也可以跟动名词短语，在所给的几个选项中B为动名词短语，可以在enjoy后面，意思也与原文相符，故选B。

10、If we leave now, we should miss the traffic.【单选题】

A.direct

B.stop

C.mix

D.avoid

正确答案:D

答案解析:我们现在走，应能避开交通高峰。本题考查引申意义，miss指“想念”，引申意思是“错过，避开”，和avoid“避免”是近义词，其他三项都是常用词，和答案意义差异较大，干扰性不强。