2022年考研初试时间已经确定，相信各位小伙伴也将进行更为紧张的复习。在最后阶段，除了教材复习之外，适当的试题练习也是非常重要的。下面，帮考网为大家带来考研初试英语科目部分历年真题，一起来看一看。

&emsp；Directions:

&emsp；&emsp；Read the following text carefullyａｎｄ then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translationshould be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

&emsp；&emsp；It was only after I started towrite a weekly column about the medical journals, ａｎｄ began to read scientificpapers from beginning to end, that I realised just how bad much of the medicalliterature frequently was. I came to recognise various signs of a bad paper:the kind of paper that purports to show that people who eat more than one kiloof broccoli a week were 1.17 times more likely than those who eat less tosuffer late in life from pernicious anaemia. (46) There is a great deal of thiskind of nonsense in the medical journals which, when taken up by broadcastersａｎｄ the lay press, generates both health scares ａｎｄ short-lived dietaryenthusiasms.

&emsp；&emsp；Why is so much bad sciencepublished? A recent paper, titled “The Naturalｓｅｌｅｃｔion of Bad Science”, published on the Royal Society’s open science website, attempts to answerthis intriguing ａｎｄ important question. It says that the problem is not merelythat people do bad science, but that our current system of career advancementpositively encourages it. What is important is not truth, but publication,which has become almost an end in itself. There has been a kind of inflationaryprocess at work: (47) nowadays anyone applying fｏｒa research post has to havepublished twice the number of papers that would have been required fｏｒthe samepost only 10 years ago. Never mind the quality, then, count the number.

&emsp；&emsp；(48) Attempts have been made tocurb this tendency, fｏｒexample, by trying to incorporate some measure ofquality as well as quantity into the assessment of an applicant’s papers. This is the famed citation index,that is to say the number of times a paper has been quoted elsewhere in thescientific literature, the assumption being that an important paper will becited more often than one of small account. (49) This would be reasonable if itwere not fｏｒthe fact that scientists can easily arrange to cite themselves intheir future publications, ｏｒget associates to do so fｏｒthem in return forsimilar favours.

&emsp；&emsp；Boiling down an individual’s output to simple metrics, such as number ofpublications ｏｒjournal impacts, entails considerable savings in time, energyａｎｄ ambiguity. Unfortunately, the long-term costs of using simple quantitativemetrics to assess researcher merit are likely to be quite great. (50) If we areserious about ensuring that our science is both meaningful ａｎｄ reproducible, wemust ensure that our institutions encourage that kind of science.

以上就是帮考网为大家带来的全部信息，希望能给大家一些帮助。帮考网提醒：在最后阶段，我们除了复习之外，调整应试心态也是非常重要的。另外，小伙伴们如果还有其他关于考研信息的疑问，也可以留言咨询。